Hemorrhoids Herbal Medicines Believe, Beware Of This 3 Material

Hemorrhoids Herbal Medicines Believe, Beware Of This 3 Material

Hemorrhoids is a health disorder that can interfere with daily activities. To overcome this, there are choosing natural materials are used as an herbal remedy hemorrhoids. However, you should be careful to use it because it has not been medically proven.

Hemorrhoid or better known as hemorrhoids is a condition in which the blood vessels are located on the bottom around the anus and rectum swelling. Swelling it causes blood vessel walls to stretch, thinning and often interfere while defecation (BAB).

Until now not known with certainty the cause of hemorrhoids. Two major factors are strongly suspected to be the cause is a weak blood vessels and genetic factors. However, there are risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing hemorrhoids such as obesity, pregnancy, prolonged standing or sitting, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, or straining too hard when defecating.

Some of the natural ingredients that are often used as an herbal remedy hemorrhoids or substance mixtures thereof, among others:

Garlic
To take advantage of garlic as a herbal remedy hemorrhoids, how to mashing until smooth and then mixed with water and applied to the anus. Effectiveness of garlic depends on the amount of active ingredient allicin contained therein. The higher the active ingredient, the smell of garlic will be even more stinging, will mean more effective.

Garlic is widely used as a medicine to treat various diseases related to the circulatory system, headache, abdominal pain colds, flu, and improve the immune system and prevents bacterial and fungal infections. However, the use of garlic oil that is applied directly on fungal infections, warts, and eyelets, still need further study. Likewise, the use of garlic to hemorrhoids. Especially if garlic is used as a drug in pregnant women and lactating women, it is still considered safe.

Aloe vera
The gel obtained from the tongue Buay a can be applied to the anus to relieve the discomfort. In addition, there are also products such as aloe vera ointment that utilizes as its main ingredient, along with other materials. Then, some are choosing to consume aloe vera gel directly as an herbal remedy hemorrhoids.

Aloe vera is widely used to treat conditions sunburn, insect bites, psoriasis, or other wound by way smeared. Aloe vera can also be taken to help alleviate inflammatory conditions, fever, itching, osteoarthritis, and intestinal disorders.

To use smeared on the skin, there is some medical evidence that mention Aloe vera improves the circulation of small blood vessels in the skin, while killing bacteria. Two of these benefits actually concluded that smeared aloe vera can accelerate wound healing. However, it still needs further study to ensure the effectiveness of aloe vera in the case of hemorrhoid sufferers.

Mucus aloe has a laxative effect, which is to increase bowel movements. This effect is useful for overcoming kosntipasi. It could be because of this effect, which is taken orally mucus thought to be useful for hemorrhoids. But taking aloe vera should pay attention to the numbers carefully. Aloe vera is consumed in excess has triggered risk of cancer, kidney disorders, and death.

Papaya
Papaya fruit and other ingredients boiled, then consumed as an herbal remedy hemorrhoids. Papaya fruit is known by a variety of benefits, including reduced risk of colon cancer and bile, lowering blood sugar for diabetics, as well as cope with parasitic infections and other digestive disorders. Not found in the results that said papaya useful as a natural remedy hemorrhoid sufferers. But the content of papainnya indeed can soften the meat. Papain less effective when taken orally so doubtful usefulness as a drug.

Papaya is relatively safe when consumed in moderation. However, excessive consumption of papaya or use directly on the skin have not been proven safe. Excessive consumption of papaya risk damaging the esophagus (gullet). Meanwhile,  the direct use of papaya on the skin can lead to irritation and allergic reactions.

Utilizing herbal hemorrhoid medication should be done with caution. If symptoms persist and do not get better soon, immediately consult a doctor for proper treatment.

Recognize Papaya, The Natural Skin Lightening

Recognize Papaya, The Natural Skin Lightening

Some skin care products such as face cream and body cream, using papaya as an ingredient manufacture. Papaya is estimated good for the skin because it contains nutrients in it..

Papaya contains vitamin C and vitamin A is good for the skin. The content of vitamin C higher than the lemon makes papaya is expected to be a natural skin whitening. Vitamin C contained in 100 grams of papaya is 75%, while at 100 grams lemon contained only about 64% of vitamin C. In fact, one large papaya fruit can contain 235 mg of vitamin C, more than what you need in a day.

Vitamin C can help in the process of depigmentation or eliminating pigment tation skin. This is because vitamin C can reduce the formation of melanin. But because vitamin C compounds classified as unstable, the vitamin is often combined with other depigmentation agents such as soy and licorice root crops.

In addition, vitamin C can also help in overcoming skin aging. A study showed that women who consumed more vitamin C, have fewer wrinkles, skin does not dry, and had fewer aging of the skin. It could be because the benefits of vitamin C are antioxidants that can fight free radicals and helps the formation of collagen.

In addition to vitamin C, papaya also contains vitamins A great place to tackle wrinkles, acne, and other skin problems.

Papaya Skin Brighter
According to some dermatologists, with a variety of vitamin content in it, papaya is expected to be used as a skin lightening and fasteners. To get fair skin by wearing papaya treatment, there are several ways you can do at home.

pureed papaya

To make this papaya pulp is easy enough. Cut papaya in half, then clean papaya seeds and discard the skin. Cut the papaya and put in a bowl or other container, then pour half a glass of water. Stir until the papaya into pulp. Only after that, save papaya in the refrigerator. Use it as a mask at least three times a week.
Papaya mask with mixture
In addition to just using papaya fruit pulp mixed with water, you can also use the skins and seeds of papaya fruit combined with other mixtures such as honey and lemon.
To make the mixture with honey, you can mix it with honey papaya seed extract alone or plus papaya fruit that has been destroyed. After that, you can use it as masker.Ekstrak papaya seeds themselves can be bought freely or you can make it yourself at home. How to make was to destroy papaya seeds, then soak in water for two weeks. Do not forget to shake it up every day. After two weeks, strain to separate the pulp with water. Then, you will use is a mixture of water as a mask.

Face masks can be made using leather, meat, and extract of papaya seeds crushed with lemon. herbs,

Although papaya contains a lot of vitamin C and is believed good for the skin. Need to do more research to ensure that papaya is a natural skin whitening right. Apart from the high content of vitamin C and vitamin A, papaya contains many other nutrients. For example vitamin E, alpha and beta carotene, vitamin B, calcium, folate, magnesium, potassium, vitamin C, lycopene, fiber, and a variety of other nutrients that are good for the health of the body if consumed regularly.

Mask Aloe Vera For Skin And Hair

Mask Aloe Vera For Skin And Hair

Besides good to eat, aloe vera it can also be used to manufacture aloe vera mask.

Aloe vera include the type of plants that contain a lot of water. Aloe grows wild in tropical countries and cultivated for various purposes, one of them in the field of beauty or cosmetics. Since thousands of years ago, plants are often referred to as aloe vera is widely used in traditional medicine for a variety of skin treatments.

Benefits of aloe vera for skin
Many people apply the pulp of aloe vera as a medicine to treat skin conditions such as minor burns, skin sunburn, frostbite or frostbite (damage to the skin and underlying tissues from the cold to the extreme), psoriasis (a skin disease that makes the skin become blotchy, itching, pain, redness, and flaking), and sores on the lips as a result of the herpes virus. Not a few who use aloe vera to help the healing of surgical wounds, wounds caused by the constant pressure (bedsores), dandruff, skin abrasions, skin wounds caused by radiation, the scalp scaly and reddish (seborrhea), or as a mask aloe vera.

Some chemicals in aloe vera could be expected to increase the circulation of small blood vessels in the skin and kill bacteria or fungi. In addition, aloe vera contains active compounds that can reduce pain and inflammation, stimulates the growth and repair of skin and moisturize the skin.

But, claims and statements about the benefits of aloe vera on the skin still need more evidence and research. In fact, one study showed that aloe vera can actually delay and prolong the healing of wounds.

Aloe vera mask Homemaker
Flesh aloe vera is often used as a cosmetic ingredient. In fact, not infrequently, women rub it directly to the skin or hair to be used as a mask of aloe vera. You can create your own mask aloe vera at home by following these steps:

to face

Set 1 tablespoon brown sugar naturally, ½ tablespoon milk, and fruit pulp of aloe vera.
Mix the milk and sugar. Stir until sugar dissolves.
Peel the aloe vera to get flesh white. Then thinly sliced.
Enter aloe vera into a mixture of sugar and milk.
Apply the aloe vera in the face until blended. Let stand for five minutes.
Wash your face thoroughly with a damp towel.
You can also make a mask of aloe vera night using only the flesh of aloe vera. Apply aloe vera without any mixture to the face and leave overnight. Then wash the face in the morning as usual.

for the hair

Cut two or three leaves of aloe vera big ones. Then peel the skin to get the flesh.
Without the need for additional water, aloe vera puree with the help of a blender.
Strain aloe vera that has been finely and place in wadaha.
After shampooing, apply aloe vera thoroughly and flat hair from root to tip. Do not forget to massaging his head.
After that, cover the hair with a shower cap and let sit for about five minutes.
Remove shower cap and rinse the hair thoroughly.
If the skin becomes itchy and redness after you use aloe vera mask, immediately consult a dermatologist or go to the hospital and health clinic nearby.

Anorexia Nervosa

Understanding Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is a health problem in which an infected obsessed to have a thin body and very scared if they look fat self. I was so scared, their bodies are always deemed to be lacking even thin or fat when in fact they do not like it.

Sixteen and seventeen years of age who are considered vulnerable to this disorder to begin to appear, and the majority of anorexia sufferers from among teenage girls and adult women.

To make their bodies as thin as possible, people with anorexia will strive to limit the size of the meal as minimal as possible and exercise excessively. Some of them will even strive brings back food that has been consumed.

Symptoms of anorexia nervosa and other related psychological problems
Those who suffer from anorexia can be recognized from the following symptoms:

Weight loss was significantly and looked very thin.
Always pay attention to the shape of the body in front of the mirror.
Considering the body most of the time.
Often brings back food that has been eaten.
Like lied when asked whether they had already eaten.
Is taking into account the amount of calories, fat and sugar in food.
Often exercise excessively.
Experiencing health problems as a result of anorexia itself, such as fatigue, dehydration , low blood pressure, dizziness , hair loss and dry skin.

Like taking drugs laxatives and appetite suppressant.
The cause of anorexia nervosa
The cause of anorexia nervosa is definitely still unclear. Most specialists believe that the disorder is derived from a combination of a number of factors, such as psychological, environmental, and genetic or biological.

The diagnosis of anorexia nervosa
In diagnosing anorexia nervosa, usually a doctor will ask about weight and eating patterns of patients to determine whether she had an eating disorder. It is important for the patient to answer these questions honestly. Doctors do not intend to judge the patients, but only want to determine the exact condition.

Support anorexia sufferers to want to get help

If you have family or friends who suffer from anorexia, do subtle approach and persuaded to get them to get medical help. Persuading people with anorexia to want treatment is not easy. Usually they will assume that what they have done the right thing and will refuse to admit that they really are in trouble.

That's why patience and continuous support are critical to the healing anorexics. Never criticize or make them feel depressed because it will only worsen the situation. Convey that persuasion and your support is solely due to worrying about their health.

Overview of the treatment of anorexia
Most cases of anorexia are handled on an outpatient basis and a handful of other cases, such as severe cases of anorexia sufferers, was handled with care hospital. In addition to sensitize the people with that pattern of life which they live is wrong, this treatment aims to enable them to obtain the ideal weight back safely.

Things that includes handling of anorexia include psychotherapy and suggestions related to food and nutrition. So that treatment can be done properly, the physician should adjust to the physical, psychological, and social state of the people with anorexia. Treatment of anorexia can not be done instantly. To recover fully, it could take several years.

Complications that may occur
Anorexia can lead to other health problems are quite serious if not treated successfully in the long term. Some complications of anorexia nervosa are:

-Irregular heartbeat
-Heart failure
-Menstruation is not smooth
-Anemia
-Kidney failure
-sterility
-osteoporosis
-Constipation
-Deaths due to malnutrition or suicide

Symptoms Of Anorexia Nervosa

Because people with anorexia are obsessed to lose weight as low as possible, the main symptom of this condition is the weight dropped drastically to be below the healthy limit.

In an effort to satisfy their obsession with a very thin body, anorexia sufferers will do a variety of things, including by limiting servings of food, regurgitating food that has been eaten, and lied when asked if they had already eaten.

Anorexics usually always wear loose clothing and regularly measuring, weighing, or observation of their bodies in front cemin. In addition, they will often exercise excessively and taking drugs appetite suppressants or laxatives.

From any of these symptoms, it is clear that anorexia is not just a matter of physical health, but is also associated with psychological problems.

Body weight dissatisfaction will make anorexia sufferers lack self- confidence. They feel that their self esteem is affected by weight. As a result of this self-distrust makes them isolate themselves and are no longer interested in socializing with others. Because it's not a few people with anorexia eventually have problems in relationships with other people, especially in the family, friendship, education, and employment.

Health problems that arise
Perceived health problems of people with anorexia due to a lack of food intake, especially in the long term. Some of these health problems are:

-Headache and dizziness
bloating
-Constipation
-Fatigue
-Hands and feet are visible discoloration due to poor circulation
-Fever
-Hair loss
-Dry skin
-Problems in physical growth and puberty in children and adolescents
-Insomnia
-Irregular heartbeat
-Dehydration
-Low blood pressure
-The growth of fine hair all over their bodies
-Nails are easily broken
-Stomach ache
-Menstrual disorders in women.

Causes Of Anorexia Nervosa

The exact cause of anorexia is still unclear. Most specialists believe these disorders arise from a combination of a number of factors, such as psychological, environmental, and genetic or biological.

Psychologically, fear and concerns about body fat, has led to an obsession and a strong impetus to the self anorexia sufferers to lose weight. In addition, people with anorexia also more emotionally closed and easily stressed.

Influence of environment on anorexia nervosa
Mindset formed under the influence of the environment can trigger anorexia, for example, is advertising in the media. Today the thin body is considered as an essential condition of beauty. Thought is then amplified and disseminated by advertising, so that not a few people were affected, especially teenagers.

The reason why people with anorexia are often just teenagers are many changes in the body, hormonal changes and periods of stress or anxiety. At this time, the confidence teens are so low that they are often indecisive and impressionable. Besides the influence of hormones, ridicule and pressure experienced by a teenager in school also can trigger anorexia.

Meanwhile, anorexia nervosa can also arise due to the demands of work and events are disappointing, such as a breakup.

Anorexia is due to hereditary factors and biological
Someone who has a family history of people with eating disorders, depression , or a drug addict, is believed to have a greater risk of developing anorexia.

In addition to heredity or genetics, suspected anorexia can occur due to changes in hormone levels and brain function as well. Such changes may affect parts of the brain that controls appetite or trigger feelings of guilt and worry due to a lot of eating.

Diagnosis Anorexia Nervosa

In diagnosing anorexia, first the doctor will ask you first about diet and weight of the patient, such as how much he worried about her weight and whether often brings back food that has been consumed.

After that the doctor will also collect data on the patient's weight, especially if patients experience significant weight loss.

To determine a healthy weight, your doctor will calculate the body mass index or body mass index (BMI). BMI is a calculation of weight, which refers to the ratio of weight and height of a person. Benefits BMI calculation is to determine whether someone has advantages, disadvantages or healthy weight.

The formula used in the calculation of BMI is body weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (m²). For example, if the patient's weight 66 kg and height is 1.65 meters, then the calculation is 66 / 1.65 × 1.65 = 24.24 kg / m²

BMI is normal for adult Asians is 18.5-22.9 (kg / m2), whereas the normal BMI for children and adolescents depending on their age. In adults, the condition of anorexia may be suspected if the BMI is under 17.5.

There is no specific test in the diagnosis of anorexia
Doctors may not need to do special tests for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, but the doctor will usually perform a simple check to determine whether the patient has complications due to anorexia. Things that need to be examined by a doctor is:

-Blood pressure
-Pulse
-Hands and feet
-Body temperature

Doctors will usually ask the patient to perform simple physical movements to see the strength of the muscles of the patient. Simple physical movements that question is like a squat, stand up, and shift when seated.

A person prone to heart problems if anorexic. The heart problems one of which is an irregular heartbeat. Usually to determine this, the doctor performs an electrocardiogram.

Treatment Of Anorexia Nervosa

Sometimes treatment must be done by force if conditions of anorexia has entered a dangerous and life-threatening stage sufferers. In cases like this, the family should immediately bring sufferers to the hospital so quickly handled.

Treatment of anorexia nervosa usually done by combining psychotherapy with supervised weight recovery. It's important to make the treatment as early as possible, especially if the patient has lost large amounts of weight. In addition, the immediate treatment can reduce the risk of complications.

Treatment of anorexia through the psychological aspect
A number of psychological treatment can be applied to treat anorexia. Usually the treatment will last from half to one year even longer, depending on the condition or the severity of anorexia sufferers. Below is described a number of therapies are performed as part of the response.

Cognitive analytic therapy to discover the patient's past
This therapy is based on the theory that the problem of mental health , including anorexia is caused by patterns of thought and behavior unhealthy formed since the patients were children or teenagers. This therapy involves a three-stage process.

The first stage is a reformulation. At this stage of reformulation, typically therapy specialist will find out the patient's experience in the past that might be the reason why the patterns are not healthy can grow.

The second stage is the introduction. A therapist will help the patient to see and understand how the patterns of unhealthy contributed to anorexia.

The third stage or last stage is the revision. At this stage, a number of changes that can stop patterns of unhealthy are identified, assessed, and then applied.

Changing negative thought patterns with behavioral therapy
A person's behavior is usually the result of patterns of thought. Vice versa, the behavior can shape the mindset as well. Many things are not realistic believed as true by anorexia sufferers. For example they feel their self-esteem depends on their weight. They are very afraid of being ridiculed or disrespected by others because it is considered obese.

Therefore, through cognitive behavior therapy, the therapist will try to help patients change the negative thoughts about food and the appearance of a pattern of positive thinking and realistic, so expect deviant behaviors the patient can be lost.

Interpersonal therapy that examines environmental sufferers
This therapy is based theories to environmental relationship with anorexia, where the environment and the people around have a very strong influence in shaping the psychological state of the sufferers. The theory concludes that low self-esteem and anxiety experienced by sufferers arising from the interaction with the people around.

During this therapy, the therapist will try to examine the negative things associated with the patient's interpersonal relationships and figuring out how to overcome the negative things.

The role of the family as part of the treatment of anorexia
The role of the family is very important for the recovery of people with anorexia because usually the family are most likely to feel the impact of anorexia itself. Besides must try to understand the conditions that are being experienced by sufferers, families can also work closely with physicians to help speed up the healing process.

Gain weight regularly and safely
As part of the treatment plan, the doctor will include suggestions on how to raise the patient's weight safely. The doctor will also continue to monitor the patient's physical health. For pediatric patients and adolescents, their height will be checked regularly to ensure they are growing normally.

Raise the normal weight should be gradual. As a first step, the therapist will usually ask the patient to try to eat regularly, even small meals. This therapy is considered successful after the patient's return to normal diet with adequate nutrition, including vitamins and minerals.

Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate

Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate

Understanding Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate

Anemia of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency is a condition that develops when the body lacks vitamin B12 or folate. This is what causes the body to produce red blood cells that are not functioning properly. This type of anemia can occur when your body difficulty absorbing vitamin B12 or processing.

The main symptoms of anemia of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency has be tired and exhausted. If you feel tired and exhausted continuously, you should consult your doctor. Based on the symptoms and results of blood tests, the doctor may give a diagnosis of anemia .

Vitamin B12 deficiency is rare in young children, although undergoing strict vegetarian menu could be at risk of developing the condition. Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency is more common in older people with estimates of 1 in 10 people over the age of 75 years. Impact of vitamin B12 deficiency is the most common and pernicious anemia.

Anemia types Suffered
There are various kinds of anemia and each has its own cause. On this occasion, the themes discussed focused on anemia caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate substances in the body.

Deficiency of Vitamin B12 or folate
To help the body produce red blood cells, it takes cooperation between vitamin B12 or folate. Vitamin B12 is also useful to help keep the nervous system healthy. This includes the brain, nerves, and spinal cord. On the other hand, folate is also very important for pregnant women. Because folate deficiency can increase the risk of congenital abnormalities or birth defects in an unborn baby.

Vitamin B12 is found in meat, eggs, and dairy products. While the best source of folate contained in green vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and peas.

Ways to treat Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 and folate
Anemia is a deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid are most easily treated. The treatment of anemia of this type, will initially be given vitamin B12 by injection. Depending on whether the B12 deficiency that affects associated with diet or not, you will probably need a supplement tablet between eating schedule. Or it could also regularly conducts injection of vitamin B12. This treatment may be needed for life.

To restore the level of folic acid, and folic acid tablets takes these tablets should be consumed during the four months to reach normal levels in the body. Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, with or without anemia, can lead to complications although rare. For example, problems with the heart, lungs, and nervous system and increase the risk of infertility. However all treatable complications in general.

Symptoms Of Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate

Symptoms of each type of anemia is highly dependent on the root causes of the condition. For all types of anemia, all of which have some common symptoms are the same. Symptoms included are:

Fatigue
Fatigue
easy fainting
Weight loss
Out of breath or dyspnea
Headache
Loss of appetite
Tinnitus, or the perception of hearing sounds coming from inside the body, not from outside

Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia

The symptoms below are specifically caused by anemia due to deficiency of vitamin B12 . Symptoms include:

Tongue sore and red or sore tongue
Skin color becomes yellowish
Thrush in mouth
Tactile feel different or diminished function
The ability to feel pain is reduced
visually impaired
Easy to get angry
Changes in gait and move
Depression : Feeling sad and prolonged
Dementia: Mental ability is reduced, for example about memory, comprehension, and judgment
Psychosis: Conditions that affect the mind and change the mindset, feelings, and behavior
Folate Deficiency Anemia Symptoms

Folate deficiency symptoms are similar to common symptoms of anemia. But this condition can also cause decreased ability to sense of touch, for example, decrease or loss of sense of touch and pain. And also the ability of muscle weakness and feeling depressed.

Causes Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate
There are various kinds of anemia and each has its own cause. Anemia is a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate can be caused by many things. This condition can affect the body's ability to produce red blood cells healthy and functioning properly.

The following will explain the function of lymph fluid in the blood called plasma. This fluid contains three different cell types.

White blood cells as part of the immune system and fight infection
The red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body with a substance called hemoglobin
Platelets help blood to clot
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia
Suffering from pernicious anemia

The body absorb vitamin B12 through the stomach. In order for vitamin B12 to be absorbed from the food you eat, a protein called intrinsic factor will attach itself to the vitamin B12.

Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disease that affects the stomach. An autoimmune disease means that your immune system to attack healthy cells of your own body. In pernicious anemia, your own immune system will attack the cells in the stomach that produce intrinsic factor. Deficiency occurs because the body can not absorb vitamin B12.

There are some things that increase your risk of developing pernicious anemia. Although the underlying cause is not known, the following are some things that can increase the risk of:

Pernicious anemia affects more women than men.
Pernicious anemia is more common in the age above 60 years.
Nearly a third of people suffering from pernicious anemia from families who suffered from the same disease.
Having other autoimmune diseases such as Addison's disease and vitiligo . In fact there is a link between pernicious anemia with other immune diseases.
Factors food consumed

Meat, fish and dairy products is a diet that provides enough vitamin B12. Vegetarians or people who only consume plant foods, may not have enough vitamin B12 in their menu. Or people who have a very simple menu in the long term.

Body typically stores vitamin B12 which lasts for two to four years. To keep the storage of the vitamin remained at a healthy level, it is very important to have vitamin B12 in your diet.

Diseases that affect the intestines

When the body can not absorb vitamin B12 as usual, may be caused by diseases that affect the intestines or part of the digestive system. Eg Crohn's disease . This is a long-term disease that causes inflammation of the digestive system. This condition can make your body vitamin B12 deficiency.

Diseases that affect the stomach

Obstruction of the process of absorption of vitamin B12 can be caused by stomach or abdominal work processes. For example the risk of getting vitamin B12 deficiency anemia caused by gastrectomy or increased operating procedure in which most of the stomach is removed.

Due to the consumption of certain drugs

Vitamin B12 can be reduced from the body due to the consumption of some types of drugs. For example proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a drug to treat digestive problems, can make vitamin B12 deficiency worsens. Drugs PPIs prevent excessive stomach acid production. Stomach acid is needed to release vitamin B12 from the foods you eat. Your doctor can identify if there are medicines that affect your level of vitamin B12.

Folate Deficiency Anemia
Folate is a water-soluble vitamin. Because the body can not store folic in the long term. Usually, the body stores of folate is enough to last for four months. To ensure the body has enough folic reserves, we have to get folate from food daily. Folate deficiency anemia can develop due to some of the same reasons as vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Some of the causes are explained below.

Food consumed

Some people may not get folate in everyday life. Some factors that may be the cause is food that is unhealthy and unbalanced. In addition they may just change the type or pattern of daily food, for example for reasons to lose weight

the occurrence of malabsorption

If you suffer from Celiac disease, this condition can affect the digestive system. As a result, the body can not effectively absorb folate.

Excessive urination

For patients with kidney and liver disease, might lose folate from the body. This is due to the effects of the disease makes you urinate excessively. Some things that can make you urinate excessively:

Heart failure congestive, occurs when the heart can not pump enough blood throughout the body
Acute liver damage. Often this is caused by consuming too much liquor to excess
Long-term dialysis: dialysis machine to filter waste products from the blood
Due to the consumption of certain drugs

Folate is sometimes difficult to be absorbed and the amount of folate reduced. This may be caused by some of the effects of drugs. The doctor will watch over you if necessary. Your doctor will know which medicines can affect the levels of folate in the body.

Some other causes

Premature infants born before 37 weeks of pregnancy are likely to develop folate deficiency anemia because their bodies are developing can not meet the needs of the vitamin folate.

Folate deficiency can occur because the body can not meet the needs of the vitamin because sometimes the body needs folate exceed normal levels. The things that make the body needs folate more:

had cancer
when pregnant
Fight infections or health condition that causes inflammation or swelling
Having blood disorders , such as sickle cell anemia. It is hereditary that causes red blood cells to change shape
pregnancy factor

If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is recommended to drink a folic acid supplement of 0.4 mg per day. This is done until gestational age of 12 weeks. This will help the baby grow and develop, as well as making sure you and your baby have enough folate in the body.

If pregnancy to certain conditions, the body may need extra folic acid. To prevent anemia does not occur, the doctor will be watching carefully. You can buy folic acid tablets directly or request a prescription from a doctor and take it to the pharmacy, large department stores, or to the health food store. For people with diabetes, you may need folic acid with higher doses. You should consume about 5 mg of folic acid per day.

Diagnosis Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate Deficiency

Based on the symptoms experienced and the results of blood tests, the diagnosis of anemia of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency can be ascertained. To measure the various types of blood cells from the samples, blood counts should be done fully. In general, the doctor will examine:

Does the size of red blood cells than normal
If the hemoglobin level is too low
How much vitamin B12 in the blood
How much folate in the blood
To determine the type of anemia that you experience, the test results will indicate whether you are deficient in vitamin B12 or folate. To find the cause of basic deficiencies and determine the most appropriate treatment, it is necessary to do further testing. To understand the causes of anemia, you may be referred to see a specialist.

See a specialist doctor digestive system

You referred to a specialist doctor digestive system if there is a suspicion that your digestive system is unable to absorb nutrients from food properly. If so the composition of the vitamin B12 or folate in the body has been reduced.

A specialist haematologist

Hematology physician is a specialist in blood diseases. If you are pregnant and experiencing anemia of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, then you are advised to see a specialist hematology.

If the nervous system such as brain and spinal cord have been infected, you will be advised to see a specialist hematology. Symptoms that may occur is a change in vision, sense of touch is reduced or changed, as well as the inability to control muscles.

Consultation with a nutritionist

The menu of nutritious foods can be recommended by nutritionists. They are medical professionals who are experts in nutrition. If the diet is not healthy, it can cause a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate. You may be advised to see a nutritionist. To increase the amount of vitamin B12 or folate in the diet, nutritionists can make the diet more appropriate for us.

Treatment Of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia And Folate

Treatment for anemia, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency depends on what is causing the condition. In most of the replacement effort vitamin for the body, the treatment can be carried out by injection or tablets of vitamin B12 .

Treating Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia

Vitamin B12 injections are given to treat anemia of vitamin B12 deficiency in the form of hydroxocobalamin. Every day for two weeks early, you'll get a shot of this, until the symptoms have ceased. Injections can be done by a doctor or nurse.

Treatment depends on the cause of vitamin B12 deficiency. Whether related to food or not, after initial treatment above.

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia associated food

Prescription tablet vitamin B12 given to drink each day after meals. This is done if vitamin B12 deficiency caused by lack of vitamins in the diet. Or maybe you hydrococobalamin injected twice a year. For the perpetrators of the vegetarian lifestyle, will find it difficult to get vitamin B12 in food. In these conditions, it may need to take vitamin B12 tablets lifetime.

For vitamin B12 deficiency because of poor diet in the long term, consumption of vitamin B12 can be stopped if the content in the body to normal and the food menu has been changed.

Excellent source of vitamin B12 are meat, eggs, salmon, cod fish and dairy products, including milk itself. For vegetarian or vegan, there are substitute products for meat and dairy products. Foods that contain vitamin B12, such as breakfast cereals rich in iron and soy products. When shopping for food, check the nutrition table to know how much kandugan vitamin B12.

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia unrelated food

For vitamin B12 deficiency is not caused by poor diet, may need treatment hydroxocobalamin injections four times a year to a lifetime. There are other types of vitamin injections called cyanocobalamin, but people prefer hydroxocobalamin because it can last longer in the human body. Cyanocobalamin is also available in tablet form.

If you require regular injections of vitamin B12, hydroxocobalamin can be injected once every three months, whereas cyanocobalamin should be given once a month.

Blood specialist doctors can be recommended as a treatment step when vitamin B12 deficiency cause symptoms of neurological disease. For example feet and hands often feel numb or tingling. You may also need vitamin B12 injections every two months. The specialist can advise how long you need to injections of vitamins.

Treating Folate Deficiency Anemia
The doctor will prescribe folic acid tablets to increase the level of folate in the body. Folic acid tablets need to be taken for four months. But you can also eat folic acid tablets for much longer, even a lifetime, if the root causes of folate deficiency anemia persists.

In addition to increasing folate intake, daily food menu you should also be considered. A good source of folate include:

brown rice
Brussels sprouts
Broccoli
Asparagus
Peas
arab beans
Before you start taking folic acid, vitamin B12 level checked whether within normal limits. This check is necessary because folic acid can aggravate the symptoms experienced from vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. The nervous system is affected if vitamin B12 deficiency is not detected and not treated immediately.

Overseeing Conditions During Treatment
A further blood tests are performed to ensure the treatment is successful. Hemoglobin level will be checked with a blood test if it rises at 10 days after starting treatment. To make sure the treatment was successful, a blood test is then performed two months thereafter.

Tests will be performed again at four months after treatment is completed if you are taking folic acid tablets. With the exception of the previous symptoms reappear or ineffective treatment. Most people with vitamin B12 or folate deficiency does not need to be monitored continuously.

Complications Deficiency Anemia Vitamin B12 And Folate
Complications are rare in most cases the deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, but if you have a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate in the long term, complications can occur.

Complications Caused Anemia
No matter what the cause, anemia can lead to complications of the heart and lungs due to heart strive harder to pump oxygen into the organs.

Diseases that can develop in patients with anemia is tachycardia or heart rate over 100 beats per minute. Besides it can also occur heart failure or when the heart is not pumping blood around the body properly.

Complications Caused by deficiency of Vitamin B12
Complications that occur below caused due to deficiency of vitamin B12 with or without anemia.

Troubled with fertility

Sometimes a vitamin B12 deficiency can cause infertility for a while.

Disorders of the nervous system

The nervous system such as brain and spinal cord may be affected due to lack of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is important for red blood cell production, in addition to the health of the nervous system. Without proper treatment, complications of vitamin B12 deficiency could become permanent. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause other health problems before they become anemic. Here are the things that may be experienced:

memory loss
Troubled by visions
Ataxia: loss of physical coordination, it can affect the whole body and can cause difficulty talking or walking
Paresthesia: tingling sensation
The emergence of neural tube defects (NTD)

Risk babies have congenital defects (NTD) will increase if when pregnant, the mother of vitamin B12 deficiency in her body. The growth and development of infants affected by this disorder. Some examples of disorders that occur are spina bifida , namely, spinal baby is not fully formed. Besides it can happen anencephaly or baby's brain and cranium is not fully formed.

Complications Caused by Deficiency Folate
Complications can be caused by folate deficiency with or without anemia. Most complications are described below.

Troubled with fertility

Just like a vitamin B12 deficiency, fertility may also be affected due to folate deficiency, but the impact can be overcome by taking vitamin supplements and only temporary.

The emergence of neural tube defects (NTD)

Growth and development of babies in the womb is also influenced by the lack of folate in the body, as well as vitamin B12 deficiency. Congenital abnormality will increase at an unborn baby, such as spina bifida.

Premature delivery

Folate deficiency during pregnancy can increase the risk of babies will be born prematurely or before entering the 37th week of pregnancy. Besides it can also affect your baby's development.

The emergence of cardiovascular disease

According to the study, cardiovascular disease will increase when the body's folate deficiency. Cardiovascular disease is a term describing medical conditions involving blood vessels, heart, and how blood circulates throughout the body.

cause cancer

According to the study, some cancers can be attributed to folate deficiency. One example of stomach cancer. Cancer growth is not only due to folate deficiency, but has the potential to contribute to cancer growth.

Amnesia

Amnesia

Understanding Amnesia

Amnesia or memory loss is the term used when a person can not remember the information, experience, or particular event. This condition can occur suddenly or get worse slowly.

Memory loss can be a thing that just happened or memories that had long passed. People who suffer from amnesia may also experience difficulty in learning new information or forming new memories.

Types of Amnesia
Amnesia can be categorized into two main types. This division is based on the type of people with impaired memory. Both types of amnesia are:

Anterograde amnesia which occurs when the sufferer difficult to remember things that happened after the period or specific date. People with amnesia can only remember things for a short period.
Retrograde amnesia, which is a type of amnesia where the sufferer can not remember the past prior period information or specific dates. For example, memory loss prior to undergoing major surgery or accident.
With age, the ability to remember we generally will decline. Nevertheless, amnesia could also be a symptom of a disease or health problem more serious. You better go to the doctor if memory loss is worrying you, such as memory loss that occurs without any obvious cause.

Causes of Amnesia
Amnesia can be caused by many different types of conditions, particularly those affecting the brain's performance. Some include:

Injuries to the head, for example due to an accident.
Stroke .
Encephalitis or inflammation of the brain.
Specific conditions or diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and brain tumors.
Addiction liquor for the long term.
Psychological trauma, such as the victims of sexual crimes.

diagnosis Amnesia
Step right diagnosis is required in the diagnosis of amnesia. This was done to ensure the basic cause and type of amnesia that you experience.

Just like other diseases, early stage diagnosis of amnesia began asking doctors detail the symptoms with your health and family history. Subsequent examination such as blood tests, a CT scan or MRI may also be recommended in order to remove the possibility of other diseases.

handling Amnesia
The major step in dealing with amnesia is therapy, for example, occupational therapy and cognitive therapy. In therapy, people with amnesia will learn methods to help her memory. For example, learn strategies and techniques to organize the information to be easily remembered.

You also can apply these simple steps to help you with daily activities. Some of the strategies that may be useful include:

Always carry the stationery that you can immediately record all the information you receive.
Always put things needed daily in the same place, for example, a house key.
Take advantage of advances in technology, for example using the alarm feature on your phone to remind you of certain activities.

Amnesia and Dementia
Dementia is a group of symptoms associated with decreased brain performance. Memory loss is one of the symptoms of dementia. Nevertheless, these two conditions are not the same. Memory loss does not necessarily mean you automatically develop dementia.

How To Cope With Cow Milk Allergy In Children

How To Cope With Cow Milk Allergy In Children

A milk allergy in infancy can be quite confusing. Because the child so require intake of the nutrients contained therein. At this moment, the mother must find a way to resolve that child nutrition is maintained.

Earlier, aware that cow's milk allergy with lactose intolerance are two different things. So, lest you misunderstand or one seeking information. Cow's milk allergy is a condition in which the immune system of children would have a response that is not normal to the protein content in the milk. Children who have allergies to cow's milk will usually show symptoms such as vomiting, wheezing sound or wheezing, indigestion, and itching.

Lactose intolerance is a condition in which a person experiences an inability to digest lactose, the type of natural sugar in milk. The symptoms are diarrhea, bloating, lower abdominal cramps, and vomiting. Usually these symptoms will appear 30 minutes - 2 hours after consuming milk or dairy products.

If Little Cow Milk Allergy
Feel your child has an allergy to cow's milk? It is advisable to immediately conduct investigation into the doctor. To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will usually perform some checks. Neither blood tests, stool or skin allergy test at the Small. The trick is to inject small amounts of milk protein under the skin of your child.

In addition, most doctors will also provide milk to children in hospital. It is intended to determine whether your child has a milk allergy. Do not panic if the result was positive, do some of these things.

Avoid giving cow's milk and foods containing cow's milk.

You also need to avoid milk and other dairy products if Little is still drinking milk. Because the milk proteins that cause allergies can be fused into breast milk, and it would be harmful if swallowed by it.

If you give Little infant formula, milk substitute child using soy-based infant formula.

If Little allergic to soy milk, the doctor will usually give a hypoallergenic formula. In this formula, the protein broken down into tiny particles that are less likely to trigger allergies.

Most studies have indeed shown that children who do not consume cow's milk tend to have a deficiency of vitamin D. But they do not have to worry, you can work around this by giving food to replace nutrients. Such as providing food rich in vitamin D, calcium, and protein. Foods rich in vitamin D include spinach, broccoli, processed soy products, salmon, tuna, sardines, and egg.

Additionally, you can also invite children to play outside to be exposed to sunlight. This is what can help your child get vitamin D. Because when exposed to UV-B, your body will create vitamin D. However, notice also how long the child is exposed to the sun and at what time. With only exposed to three times a week for 10-15 minutes, is enough to make your child get enough vitamin D.

Even if a child is diagnosed with allergies to cow's milk, do not give in meeting nutritional needs. Try to be more creative in providing an alternative or substitute food for him. In order for the health of your child awake and children grow strong bones.

How Do To Not Nausea After Meals?

How Do To Not Nausea After Meals?

When nausea, stomach you may feel uncomfortable and like vomiting. Nausea is not a disease, but a symptom of a number of medical conditions. Some people may feel nauseous after eating.

Nausea after eating that appear occasionally and occurs due to excessive eating can be normal. However, when they appear in a longer period of time, there may be physical or psychological disorders underlying. Both are not to be taken lightly.

What Still Causes Nausea after Eating?

Various causes of nausea after eating from physical factors, among others:

Stomach flu or medical terms is called gastroenteritis, an infection in the digestive system. The infection usually caused by eating food contaminated with the virus, for example, if the food is mixed with unclean or unhealthy. Common symptoms of stomach flu include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, muscle ache, fever, and headache.
Food poisoning is caused by eating food contaminated with the toxin (poison) or toxin-producing bacteria. In addition to nausea, symptoms of food poisoning include vomiting, fever, and diarrhea.
The consumption of alcohol, coffee, and smoke too much can irritate the stomach wall which can cause nausea. Bloating, vomiting, and upper abdominal pain may also occur.
Peptic ulcers, the pain that comes from injury to the lining of the stomach or duodenum. This condition arises due to bacterial infection or drug use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and aspirin. People who smoke and likes to consume liquor susceptible to ulcers. People affected by gastric ulcers will generally experience the pain in the pit of the stomach, nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, and weight loss can occur. This set of symptoms is also called dyspepsia, or better known to the general public as an ulcer .
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - a disease of stomach acid) occurs when stomach acid or stomach contents up into the esophagus (reflux) that irritate the lining of the esophagus. This is because the ring of muscle lower part of the esophagus is less function properly. Supposedly, the muscle closes after food enters the esophagus to prevent reflux. Whereas in the case of GERD, the muscle does not close completely so that trigger reflux. In GERD, stomach acid production occurs excessive that it will also have dyspepsia symptoms such as stomach ulcers. The state of gastric acid reflux causes heartburn.
A person at risk for GERD if it has conditions of obesity, smoking, or are pregnant. In addition, some foods can also trigger GERD such as spicy foods, acidic, or fatty.

Pregnancy, especially in the first trimester can make some women experience nausea after eating. Suspected causes related to hormonal changes and physical factors. In this condition, should not consume any drugs, but it is advisable to always consult a doctor.
Allergies, especially food allergies or certain foods can trigger nausea after eating. Usually, nausea caused by allergies will be accompanied by other symptoms, such as skin rashes and itching.
In addition to physical causes, nausea after eating can be caused by psychological factors. Psychologically, nausea after eating food can be caused by anxiety and bulimia. Bulimia is a serious eating disorder, a condition when the body has become accustomed to overeating and spit out what already eaten.

Preventing Nausea After Meals

If you often experience nausea, it helps prevent nausea further by following these steps.

-Instead of eating three times a day with a large portion, it is better to eat small meals, but more often.
Eating slowly.
-Instead of drinking when you're eating, you should drink before and after meals with sufficient intervals.
-After the meal, you should not directly move or drive. Rest for a moment in a sitting position.
-When the nausea caused by food allergies, avoid these foods.
-Avoid drinks and foods trigger GERD, such as fatty foods or fried foods, coffee, chocolate, spicy foods, mint, fruit or juice is sour, as well as soft drinks.
-Also avoid foods that are difficult to digest, such as fiber, especially if you have the stomach flu. This is because it can make the digestive system work harder. As a result, you could be getting sick.
-Limit your alcohol consumption or stop altogether.
-Quit smoking.

Think positive and reduce stress.
You can consume ginger ale as a natural way to overcome nausea.

However, you should check first with your doctor, especially if you have certain medical conditions.

You can also take reliever nausea and stomach acid, such as antacids. However, pregnant women should consult a doctor, especially in the first trimester of gestation.

When you're feeling nauseous, you should drink less sugary drinks, such as fruit juice. Moreover, sit down for a moment until it feels better. When the nausea had subsided, try to start eating.

If nausea continues more than a week, you need a medical examination to determine the exact cause and get appropriate treatment.

Food Allergies

Understanding Food Allergies

Food allergy is an allergic reaction caused by our immune system mistakenly responds proteins derived from food and take it as a threat. One allergic reaction that appears to be itching and rashes on the skin .

Based on the substance and tenor trigger symptoms, food allergies are divided into three types, namely immunoglobulin E, non-immunoglobulin E, and a combination of both.

Immunoglobulin E is one of the antibodies in the immune system. Food allergies are triggered by the production of this substance is a type of food allergy is the most common and the usual symptoms will appear shortly after the patient ate.

As for the meal allergies are triggered by substances other than the antibody immunoglobulin E, a span of symptoms will require a longer time or the usual hours after the patient ate.

The latter type of food allergy is a combination of immunoglobulin E and non-immunoglobulin E. People who suffer from this condition will experience symptoms of both types of allergies such foods.

Symptoms of Food Allergy
People with food allergies are triggered by substances immunoglobulin E, will typically experience symptoms such as a red rash and itching skin, tingling or itchy sensation in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, and swelling of the mouth, face, and other body parts. Texture allergic rash usually appears arise on the surface of the skin.

In addition to these symptoms, food allergy sufferers this type there are also experiencing the symptoms of nausea and vomiting, itchy eyes, sneezing, nausea or dizziness, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and shortness of breath.

In the case of food allergies non - immunoglobulin E, the main symptom that arises is actually almost the same as the symptoms of food allergy mediated by immunogbulin E substance, namely the emergence of itching and skin rashes. But the difference, texture rash on the type of allergy does not seem to arise. In addition there are experiencing symptoms such as atopic eczema, which is when the skin looks dry and cracked, red, and itchy.

Sometimes food allergies non - immunoglobulin E can bring the same symptoms as caused by other conditions. This means it can be difficult to distinguish the causes and the symptoms can not be deemed as allergic reactions. These symptoms include:

Genital area and the anus appear reddish.
Indigestion .
Constipation.
Heartburn.
Increased frequency of bowel movements.
The presence of mucus or blood in the stool.
Pale skin.
Fussy baby.
Do not underestimate food allergies because in certain cases can lead to a condition called anaphylaxis or severe allergic reactions. The early symptoms of anaphylaxis does look like regular food allergy symptoms, but in a very quick time, symptoms can worsen and patients may experience an increase in heart rate is very fast, difficult breathing, blood pressure drops dramatically, and fainting . If not handled properly, anaphylaxis can even cause death.

Foods Cause Allergies
All food has the potential to cause allergies. However, there are some certain foods that are very common causes of these conditions, such as shrimp, lobster, crab, fish, and nuts.

Allergies result nuts commonly experienced by children. Besides nuts, children can also experience allergic reaction after consuming milk, eggs, wheat, and soybeans. Milk allergy in children often cause symptoms mixture is in the allergic immunoglobulin E and non-immunoglobulin E, which is swelling and constipation.

Factors Enhancing Food Allergy Risk
If you suffer from allergies other than food allergies, then your chances of developing allergies to foods is greater than those who have never had any allergies. Additionally, if you have a history of asthma, the risk of food allergies is also higher because both of these conditions tends to arise simultaneously.

Your chances of developing food allergies are also higher if there are family members who have a history of allergies, disease urticaria, eczema, or asthma.

The latter is a risk factor of age. Children and infants are more susceptible to food allergies than adults due to the absorption of the human digestive system against allergens foods tend to decline with age developments.

Although food allergies tend to disappear when someone gradually mature, but in some cases, this condition could re-emerge when they are adults. Moreover, if the children are allergic to shrimp, lobster, and crab, or often experience a severe allergic reaction, then the conditions they could be kept there for life.

Diagnosis of Food Allergy
In diagnosing a food allergy, a doctor may ask about the pattern of symptoms and the patient's medical history before deciding conduct laboratory tests.

In addition to the span of the appearance of symptoms after exposure to food, severity, and duration of the symptoms appear, the doctor will also ask about the level of frequency of appearance of symptoms and the food is what might be the cause.

Doctors also usually want to ascertain whether the patient has a family history of allergies or whether the patient themselves have a history of allergies, although it is not a food allergy.

After a description of the patient considered, the doctor will usually perform further tests to confirm the diagnosis. The first type of examination is a blood test to measure levels of allergy antibodies or immunoglobulins in the bloodstream.

In addition to antibody assays in the laboratory, other types of tests that can be done is the skin prick test. In this test, the doctor will put the substance of extract a food allergen is suspected of causing your allergies. Furthermore, doctors poking the skin with a small needle is sterile so the allergen into the skin cells. If after we have experienced an allergic reaction, such as redness, itching, or swelling of the skin, then we are positive with a food allergy tested.

The third type of examination is a food elimination test. In this test, the doctor will assign you to avoid some type of food allergy is suspected to be the cause for half to one and a half months, then after that taking them back.

If during this period you will no longer have an allergic reaction, but instead re-experienced after the food consumed again, then you are suffering from a food allergy positive.

Blood tests and skin prick test is usually performed on patients suspected of having a food allergy mediated immonoglobulin E substance, namely when the symptoms develop very quickly. While the food elimination test is usually performed in cases of non-food allergies immonoglobulin E, which is when symptoms develop slowly.

Please keep in mind that do not try to test food allergy alone without supervision or guidance of a specialist in order to avoid harmful side effects, one of which is a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis.

Food Allergy Treatment
Actually there is no cure for food allergies. The purpose of giving the drug here is to relieve allergic reactions appear. Because it would be nice for you to recognize foods and avoid your allergy triggers.

Based on the severity of symptoms, there are two types of allergy medications are commonly used. The first is an antihistamine drug. This drug is used to relieve allergic reactions or allergy symptoms are still relatively mild to medium.

It is important to consult a doctor before taking this drug, because there are several types of antihistamines are not suitable for use by children younger than 2 years, such as promethazine and alimemazine.

The second type of allergy medicines are drugs containing adrenaline. These drugs are usually given by doctors to cope with a severe allergy symptoms in case of anaphylaxis by injection. Adrenalin is able to relieve the symptoms difficult to breathe in a way to widen the airway, as well as tackling low blood pressure.

The Right Time To go to the doctor

If you or your child has an allergic reaction shortly after eating a food, it is recommended to immediately see a doctor. In addition to preventing the worsening of symptoms, it can also facilitate the physician in making a diagnosis.

If your child, or the people around you are experiencing symptoms of anaphylaxis or severe allergic reaction, immediately brought to the hospital. Handling is given as soon as possible would be beneficial to increase the chances of the patient to survive.

Allergy Cold

Allergy Cold

Understanding Allergies Cold

Allergies cold or in medical terms is called cold urticaria is a skin reaction to the cold causes the appearance of lesions that itch and the skin becomes reddish.

The severity of cold allergy symptoms that appear on each person is different. Most people can lose consciousness, blood pressure is very low, and even the worst can lead to death.

Adolescence is the age most often affected by allergies cold, but usually disappears completely within a few years.

Allergy Symptom Cold (Cold urticaria)
Cold allergy symptoms usually appear when the skin is exposed to cold water or cold weather. Cold allergy are also more at risk appears in windy and damp conditions. Here are some cold allergy symptoms that can occur.

When holding a cold object, the hand was swollen.
Itchy welts appear.
When consuming food or drinks cold, lips and throat felt swollen.
Reddish skin.
As the skin becomes warmer, the symptoms got worse.

In more severe cases, symptoms can occur potentially endanger lives such as swelling of the throat and tongue making it hard to breathe, and anaphylactic reactions that can cause blood pressure dropped dramatically, palpitations, fainting , swelling of arms and legs or torso.

Anaphylaxis is the body's reaction arising from the condition of hypersensitivity to a substance allergy triggers.

Cold allergy sufferers who swim in cold water, causing the entire skin is exposed to cold water, can have a severe reaction to loss of consciousness and drowned.

In general, cold allergy will disappear by itself after a few weeks or months, but there are also last longer. If the throat or tongue feels swollen, felt dizziness, and difficulty breathing, see your doctor.

Allergens Cold (Cold urticaria)
Cold allergic reactions caused by the release of histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream that is triggered by cold weather. However, the exact cause of why the body reacts to the cold thus unknown.

There are several factors that can increase the risk of cold allergy, namely:

Children and adolescents. They are the most commonly affected age allergy cold and usually improves by itself within a few years.

Certain basic disease. There are several health disorders or diseases, such as cancer or hepatitis which increase the risk of cold allergy.
Infection. Those who are newly exposed to infections such as pneumonia or inflammation of the lungs more at risk of cold allergy.
Genetics. There are children who inherit the disease from their parents, but this is very rare.

Allergy Diagnosis Cold (Cold urticaria)
To diagnose a cold allergy is easy, simply by putting ice cubes in the skin for five minutes. If after a while after moving the ice appears red bumps, then you suffer from cold allergy.

Allergy Treatment Cold (Cold urticaria)

There is no cure for allergies cold, but treatment to prevent or reduce the symptoms of this disease can be done by taking an antihistamine.

Additionally, you can consult a doctor for a prescription drug that suits you. Some prescription drugs that can be used to treat cold allergy is cyproheptadine, omalizumab, and doxepin.

Prevention Allergy Cold (Cold urticaria)

Prevention of cold allergy can be done with some thing like below.

To prevent swelling of the throat, avoid eating cold food and drinks.
Taking the drug as it has given doctors.

Tell your doctor or medical personnel if you are going to undergo surgery to prevent the onset of allergic symptoms of cold in the operating room.

Prior exposure to cold weather, it is advisable to take an antihistamine.
Protect your skin from the temperature dropped dramatically or cold weather.

Bring a shot of adrenaline to anywhere you go in order to prevent an anaphylactic reaction occurs.

Albinism

Albinism

Understanding Albinism
Albinism is a disorder that occurs from birth in which sufferers experience a shortage of melanin or pigment did not have it. This condition makes the hair, skin, and eyes of patients look very pale color, to tend to white.

Albinism can be suffered by ethnic group anywhere in the world. The term "albino" is generally more familiar to the people who refer to people with this disorder. Although albinism can not be cured for life, this condition does not prevent the sufferer to be able to live a normal life.

symptoms of Albinism
Skin color and hair of patients with albinism vary, depending on the level of melanin produced by the body. Although people with albinism commonly encountered has the characteristic pale complexion with blond hair, a portion of which has brown hair.

Due to lack of the pigment melanin, the skin of patients with albinism easily catch fire if exposed to direct sunlight. For people with albinism, sun exposure should not be underestimated because it is not likely to lead to more serious complications, namely skin cancer.

While in the eyes, the lack of the pigment melanin can not only change the color of the iris (usually gray or pale blue), but can also cause the view to be disturbed and sensitive to light. Some examples of eye conditions that can arise as a result of albinism is nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism eye, strabismus, and nystagmus (rhythmic movement without controls) from side to side.

These visual disturbances may affect the infant's ability to learn movements, for example, crawl or take an object. Often children with albinism look clumsy due to disturbances in vision.

Causes Albinism
Albinism is caused by changes or mutations in one gene that is responsible for assisting the production of melanin by melanocytes cells are present in the eye and skin. Due to changes in this gene, the production of melanin becomes impaired (reduced drastically or none at all).

There are two main types of albinism, namely ocular albinism and oculocutaneous. Ocular albinism is a rare species. This condition is more visual impact on the sufferer rather than cause discoloration of the skin, hair, or eyes. This means that patients only have visual impairments only. But in appearance, color of skin, hair, and eyes of patients like normal people, although there is a small part that looked a bit paler. Ocular albinism is caused by mutations in genes on the X chromosome and almost the majority of sufferers are male.

While albinism oculocutaneous is the most common type of albinism. This condition affects the hair, skin, and eyes, and is often referred to as a complete albinism. Based on the physical characteristics of the sufferer, albinism oculocutaneous divided into four types, namely:

Type 1. From birth, people with albinism oculocutaneous this type will have the characteristics of hair and white skin, and blue eyes. Although most do not show increased pigmentation to adulthood, but some people there who began to produce melanin when entering childhood.

Type 2. At birth, the skin of patients with albinism oculocutaneous this type will look white with brown eyes or blue-gray. Their hair is yellow, reddish brown, or red. Along with the development of age, sun exposure can cause freckles, brown spots (lentigo), or even a mole on the skin of the patient. Albinism oculocutaneous mostly found in the native Americans, African-Americans, and people of sub-Saharan African region.

Type 3. People with albinism oculocutaneous this type generally have a characteristic reddish hair and skin, and brown eyes. This condition is most commonly found in people of southern Africa.

Type 4. This condition is most  the people of East Asian descent and their characteristics are similar oculocutaneous albinism type 2.
There are other genetic disorders that can also cause the appearance of symptoms similar to albinism, though rare. The disease is the Chediak-Higashi syndrome and syndrome Hemansky Pudlak.

In addition to causing symptoms similar to albinism, Chediak-Higashi syndrome can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of infection. While Hermansky Pudlak syndrome can also cause bleeding disorders.

diagnosis Albinism
Albinism can be diagnosed immediately by a doctor since birth sufferers through their physical characteristics (hair color, skin, and eyes) in accordance with what has been described in the category of symptoms and other types of albinism.

For problems in vision, ophthalmologists can perform some checks, for example, examination using a special instrument called a slit lamp, checking pupil, examination arch shape of the cornea to diagnose cylinder, checking the direction eyesight to diagnose squint, and examination of eye movements to diagnose nystagmus.

treatment Albinism

Although there is no cure for albinism, treatment or care intended to maximize patient vision and protect their skin.

Most babies with albinism will experience severe vision problems for several months after delivery. After that, eyesight would improve significantly although it will never reach the level of normal vision. Therefore, people with albinism usually a lifetime to wear glasses or contact lenses prescribed by an ophthalmologist in accordance with the relevant conditions, such as those specifically for nearsightedness, farsightedness, or cylinder, and undergo regular eye examinations every year.

If you suffer from albinism and experience photophobia (visual sensitive to sunlight), the doctor may advise the use of glasses that can counteract ultraviolet or dark monocle.

Handling albinism through surgery is rarely performed. However, for some conditions, such as crossed eyes and nystagmus, surgical repair of the eye muscles can be recommended that these conditions are not clearly visible from the outside.

In addition to eye exams should be done regularly every year, skin examination is also important for people with albinism that doctors know how big their risk of skin cancer, as well as provide suggestions prevention.

If you are patient albinism, as much as possible not to do activities outdoors when the weather is sweltering. If forced to go outside, always use sunscreen and clothing to protect themselves from exposure to direct sunlight.

ADHD

ADHD

Understanding ADHD

ADHD, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder more commonly known as hyperactivity. ADHD is a long-term disorder that strikes millions of children with symptoms that can last until adulthood. Anyone likely to suffer from ADHD, but these conditions are commonly experienced by people with learning disorders.

Some of the symptoms experienced in the behavior of ADHD include difficulty concentrating, and the emergence of hyperactive and impulsive behavior. The symptoms of ADHD are generally visible from an early age and tend to be more pronounced when there is a change in the situation around the child, for example, began studying at the school. Most cases of ADHD detected at the age of 6-12 years. Children with ADHD tend to be low self-esteem, difficulty making friends, and having inadequate achievement.

ADHD tends to be more frequent and easily detected in males than females. For example, boys generally have more hyperactive behavior while girls tend to be more silent, but it was hard to concentrate.

Risk Factors in ADHD
The cause of ADHD is not known with certainty. But some research suggests that there are several factors that can affect a person's risk level. These risk factors include heredity, the influence of abnormalities in the central nervous system, as well as the effects of premature birth.

ADHD Diagnosis Process
Not all children have difficulty concentrating and hyperactivity must have ADHD. Healthy children are generally very active and often makes parents overwhelmed.

Therefore, the diagnosis of ADHD requires the cooperation of various parties. A number of physical and psychological examination of pediatricians and psychiatrists will be undertaken by people with ADHD.

Step Treatments for ADHD
The symptoms of ADHD often decreases with age, but there are also people with ADHD who still experience it into adulthood. However, there are several methods that can be studied in order that these symptoms can be controlled. Some measures taken include medication, behavioral therapy and social interaction therapy.

Symptoms Of ADHD

ADHD symptoms commonly seen at an early age, that is, before the age of six years and tends to be more evident when there is a change in the situation around the child, for example, began studying at the school. Most cases of ADHD detected at the age of 6-12 years with symptoms which include:

Difficulty concentrating.

Difficult to obey instructions.

Tend to look not listen.

Easily bored.

Can not stand still or agitated.

Can not wait.

Forgetfulness and loss of goods, such as stationery.

Difficulties in arranging.

Often do not complete the assigned task and turning over the task.

Always move or very physically active.
Acting without thinking.

Lack of understanding of the dangers or bad consequences.

Often interrupting others.

In contrast with the symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents are easily recognizable, the symptoms of ADHD in adults, including difficult to detect. Experts suspect that ADHD symptoms experienced by a person as an adult started from childhood.

ADHD symptoms are commonly experienced by children and adolescents at the top too often experienced by adult patients, but with different intensities. Usually be reduced hyperactive behavior, difficulty concentrating while symptoms tend to get worse with the increasing pressures of life.

People with adult ADHD will generally have problems in education and employment, for example due to poor organizational skills or can not determine priorities. Life and social relationships can also be blocked, for example, is difficult to have a friend or spouse.

ADHD will not trigger a psychological disorder or other developments. However, this condition can usually be experienced along with several other disorders such as depression , bipolar disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder or OCD .

If you suspect your child is having most of the symptoms of ADHD, you should immediately take him to the doctor. A series of physical and psychological examinations will be conducted in order to diagnose the type of interference as well as evaluating the trigger.

Causes Of ADHD

The cause of ADHD can not be known with certainty. But some research suggests that a person's risk for suffering from this condition can be caused by a combination of several factors.

Heredity. Having a mother, father, or sister with the same condition or another mental disorder.

Premature birth.

Abnormalities in brain structure or function.

Damage to the brain that occurs in the womb or early childhood.

Mothers who use illegal drugs,
consuming alcohol, and smoking during pregnancy.

Mothers who are exposed to toxins from the environment, such compounds polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).

Exposure to toxins from the environment in childhood, such as lead contained in paint.

Diagnosis Of ADHD

Not all children are difficulty concentrating and hyperactivity must have ADHD. Healthy children are generally very active and often makes parents overwhelmed. Teens too. Although it looks like not listening, impulsive behavior, and attention they tend to be easily distracted, they do not necessarily suffer from ADHD.

Therefore, the diagnosis of ADHD requires the cooperation of various parties. A number of physical and psychological examination of pediatricians and psychiatrists will be undertaken. In addition to the family, the school, especially teachers should also be involved in this process.

While the diagnostic process in patients with adult ADHD is quite difficult. A diagnosis of ADHD usually can only be ascertained if patients already have symptoms of ADHD since childhood.

Doctors and psychiatrists will also involve the family (especially parents), teachers, and contacts the patient to ask the patient's behavior while still children. According to experts, the patient is considered to have ADHD if these symptoms are not experienced since childhood.

ADHD Treatment

Although it can not be cured completely, there are several types of medication and therapy for ADHD that can be selected. The steps of this treatment done to alleviate the symptoms so that patients can enjoy normal life and better quality.

However, there are no shortcuts to deal with ADHD. It takes a commitment of time, emotion, and finance to find a combination of ADHD treatment methods appropriate and suitable for you or your child.

Treatment with Drugs
Although it can not cure, medications can reduce symptoms of ADHD. There are four types of commonly used drugs, namely methylphenidate, dexamfetamine, lisdexamfetamine, and atomoxetine.

Methylphenidate, dexamfetamine, and lisdexamfetamine included in the class of stimulant drugs. These drugs will lead to increased brain activity, especially on the control of attention and behavior. The effect of these medications is the patient became calmer, less impulsive, and can focus.

Methylphenidate is generally used for teenagers and children over six years. If the patient does not fit with this drug, doctors will replace it with dexamfetamine. While dexamfetamine recommended for children over the age of three years.

If the stimulant type drugs are not suitable for the patient, for example, for certain health reasons, your doctor will usually give atomoxetine. These drugs include the type of selective noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor (SNRI). SNRI compounds will increase the levels of noradrenaline in the brain so that it can help in concentration and impulse control. Atomoxetine can be prescribed to teenagers and children over six years.

All drugs definitely have side effects, including medications for ADHD. Some of the common side effects occur when use is headache , loss of appetite and indigestion . But atomoxetine users to be more vigilant because this drug is also expected to trigger a more serious side effects, which lead to suicidal thoughts and liver damage.

Patients who have undergone treatment step should be screened regularly to the doctor until symptoms of ADHD was significantly reduced. After his condition improved too, it is recommended that patients undergo periodic examination.

Handling Through Therapy
In addition to medication, treatment of ADHD can be equipped with therapy. This method is also useful for dealing with other disorders that may accompany ADHD, such as depression . The types of therapy that can be selected include:

Cognitive behavioral therapy or CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy). This therapy will help people with ADHD to change the mindset and behavior when faced with a particular problem or situation.

Psychological therapy. People with ADHD will be invited to share their stories in this therapy, for example, their difficulty in overcoming the symptoms of ADHD and finding ways to cope with the symptoms.
Training of social interaction. This type of therapy can help people with ADHD to understand appropriate social behavior in certain situations.
People close to the patient ADHD such as parents, siblings, and teachers also need knowledge as well as aid in order to guide the patient. Here are some types of therapy and training that may be useful.

Behavioral therapy. In this therapy, parents and nurses with ADHD will be trained to develop strategies to help the patient in everyday behavior and cope with difficult situations. For example, by applying the system to encourage the patient's praise.
Training and teaching programs for the elderly. In addition to helping parents to better understand the behavior of people with ADHD, this step can also provide an overview of the specific guidance that required the patient.

ADHD can not be cured, but proper diagnosis and early treatment can help people adapt to the conditions themselves.

Achondroplasia

Achondroplasia

Understanding Achondroplasia

Achondroplasia is one of the conditions that cause dwarfism or short stature and includes a group of disorders of bone growth. People with achondroplasia have short arms and legs. Besides achondroplasia, causing dwarfism Among other disorders of growth hormone and turner syndrome.

Of all cases of achondroplasia, 80 percent of which are caused by heredity, but a spontaneous genetic mutation. While 20 percent of them are inherited from parents who also have this condition.

Adult patients with achondroplasia seldom reach a height of 152 cm. Their average height is about 124-132 cm.

When newborn babies achondroplasia can be recognized from the physical symptoms, such as body posture, legs, arms, and fingers seem short. Their heads appear larger than its body, and the forehead is prominent not normal. Upon entering childhood and adulthood, people with achondroplasia physical will appear more clearly. Besides dwarf, spine and legs of patients appear to curve. They are also difficult to bend the elbow fully.

Not only physical problems, some of the health problems experienced by patients is also very risky achondroplasia. When the baby, walking ability and some of their motor skills tend to be slower. It is caused by a decrease in muscle tone. In addition, babies achondroplasia are also at risk of spinal stenosis (suppression of the spinal cord that contains nerve by narrowing of the spinal canal), hydrocephalus, apnea and respiratory problems. When it gets older, suffered spinal stenosis condition may worsen. In addition, children and adult patients with achondroplasia may experience periodic ear infections and obesity conditions.

Causes of Achondroplasia
In the human body there is a gene called FGFR3. This gene function for bone growth and maintenance. Mutations in this gene cause a disruption of cartilage into bone changes. Impaired bone growth makes the patient's condition becomes stunted.

diagnosis Achondroplasia
The only way to make sure a person is exposed achondroplasia is genetic tests to determine the presence of defects in the FGFR3 gene. However, this test is not necessarily performed by doctors without suspicion. In children or adults, the doctor's suspicion can be based to the body stature dwarfs look. And gene analysis is usually done through a blood sample.

Meanwhile, during pregnancy, the suspicion can be based to a large head shape that is visible from the sonogram. Gene analysis is usually done through sampling the amniotic fluid in the womb.

treatment of Achondroplasia
Unfortunately, there is currently no cure or treatment methods that can cure anything achondroplasia. Handling is only intended to alleviate complications arising in patients with these disorders, such as the application of operating procedures for dealing with spinal stenosis and antibiotics to relieve ear infection.

Recognizing Symptoms Of Hemolytic Anemia

Recognizing Symptoms Of Hemolytic Anemia

Anemia is sometimes still considered trivial by most people, but this condition can damage the health risk. There are various types of anemia. One of the important recognizable symptoms is hemolytic anemia.

Red blood cells produced by the bone marrow, carries oxygen from the lungs to the heart and throughout the body. Disruption to it can cause anemia. However, slightly different from the anemia that generally occurs due to a shortage of red blood cells , the hemolytic anemia occurs due to damage red blood cells.

Red Blood Cell Disorders
Symptoms shown patients hemolytic anemia can vary from one patient to another. However, there are some symptoms that generally should be wary of. For example, the face looked pale, feeling tired, fever, confusion, dizziness, floating sensation, weakness, or not be able to move physically.

In addition, there are other symptoms that can be found in some patients, such as yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes (jaundice), dark urine, increased heart rate or a heart murmur, and an enlarged spleen or liver.

There are two types of hemolytic anemia, namely intrinsic and extrinsic. Known intrinsic hemolytic anemia when red blood cells are not perfect. Often experienced by genetically, for example in patients with thalassemia.

Meanwhile, extrinsic hemolytic anemia are also often called autoimmune hemolytic anemia. This happens because the spleen destroys red blood cells healthy. It could also damage the red blood cells caused by infections, tumors, autoimmune diseases , lymphoma, leukemia, or side effects of drugs.

Examination requires Layered
To ensure someone is suffering from hemolytic anemia, it is necessary to check layered. First, the doctor will check the physical condition or disease-like symptoms pale yellow. The doctor is also likely to suppress some of the abdomen to look for an area that feels pain, it is to find out if there are signs of an enlarged spleen or liver.

If doctors suspect a hemolytic anemia, the patient will be asked to do blood tests, including checking bilirubin level (see the levels of red blood cells that have been destroyed by the liver), tests of liver function , and hemoglobin, or counting the number of red blood cells in the body. Reticulocyte tests may also be performed. This test will calculate how much the production of red blood cells in the body. There is also the possibility to do a urine test , even for a few cases, a bone marrow biopsy or aspiration to ensure results.

Handling of hemolytic anemia depending on the type specifically. There are several treatment options, for example, utilize folic acid , corticosteroids, iron therapy , stop taking certain drugs, splenectomy or removal of the spleen, blood transfusions, and others.

To help determine the proper treatment, the symptoms of hemolytic anemia needs to be consulted on a hematology specialist.

Do not underestimate the symptoms of anemia that you or family members have experienced. See your doctor for proper treatment, especially if the symptoms are not immediately disappear, and getting worse.

Achalasia

Understanding Achalasia

Achalasia is a condition in which the esophagus (esophageal) lost the ability to push food from the mouth to the stomach. The disease is relatively rare, can be inherited, and can strike people of all ages. However, most patients with achalasia, middle-aged or an autoimmune disorder.

Normally, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) will be loosened so that the food can enter the stomach. However, in patients with achalasia, the LES does not slack off properly. So the food is piled on the lower part of the esophagus or food more often ride back. LES itself is a circular muscle at the bottom of the esophagus that opens automatically when the food or drink down to the stomach. And closed by itself to prevent acid and food in the stomach does not rise back up into the esophagus.

Damage and loss of nerves in the walls of the throat is the main cause of achalasia. However, the cause of broken or loss of neurons is still unknown. Autoimmune disorders, such as Sjogren's syndrome, lupus, or uveitis , can also be connected with the advent of achalasia.

There are several complications that can be experienced by patients with achalasia, namely:

Regurgitation. The rise of stomach acid or food back into the esophagus.
Pneumonia, due to the entry of food into the lungs.

Oesophageal perforation. Tearing the walls of the esophagus.
Cancer of the esophagus. Blockage of the esophagus by food in large quantities that can not get into the stomach, then esofasgus cancer risk also increases.

symptoms of achalasia
A symptom is something that is felt and told by the patient. The main symptoms are generally perceived by patients with achalasia are:

Dysphagia , is a condition in which patients with achalasia difficulty, even pain when swallowing food or drink.
Chest pain, which usually worsens after eating.

Pain in the gut.
Vomit dripping from its mouth.
Body weight down for no apparent reason.

The diagnosis of achalasia
Diagnosis is a step the doctor to identify the disease or condition that explains the symptoms and signs experienced by the patient. Some of the things that usually do physicians to diagnose achalasia are:

Imaging X-rays and barium. Patients will be asked to swallow a liquid containing barium chemicals, so that the esophagus can be seen when the picture is taken with X-rays. Normally the diameter of the esophagus looks quite wide and barium looks smoothly into the stomach. But not so in patients with achalasia.

Endoscopy, flexible instrument with a camera on the end to be inserted into the bottom of the esophagus so that the doctor can examine the walls of the esophagus and stomach.

Manometry. A small plastic tube will be inserted into the esophagus through the mouth or nose, and will record the activity and strength of muscle contraction and check the function of the esophagus. In achalasia would seem the loss of contraction and higher pressure at the end of the esophagus. 
treatment of achalasia
The goal of treatment for patients with achalasia is to open the LES muscle, so that food and drink can enter the stomach. Several types of treatment for patients with achalasia are:

Widening of the esophagus, particularly in parts of the narrowing with the help of a balloon. This action was preceded by general anesthesia and must be repeated several times again after more than a year.

Drugs, LES muscle can slack while by taking drugs. Doctors usually prescribe drugs such as nitrate or nifedipine.
Surgery. The esophagus will be accessible through the abdomen or chest, then muscle fibers that tighten the LES will be separated. Generally, the effectiveness of therapy in this way is permanent.

Injection of Botox (Botulinum toxin). The doctor will inject Botox into the muscle of the LES, because Botox can cause muscle fibers to relax. Usually only effective for a few months.

To reduce discomfort after undergoing esophageal dilation or surgical measures, there are some things you can do:

-Drink plenty of fluids during meals.

-Always eat with the upright sitting position.

-Do not rush and chew food well before swallowing.

-Use several pillows to refute the head, to prevent stomach acid up into the esophagus and cause pain in the gut.